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Determination of zearalenone in malting barley
Wawroszová, Simona ; Čumová,, Martina (referee) ; Běláková, Sylvie (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with monitoring of zearalenone content in malting barley using immunochemical method ELISA and consequently method of liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Theoretical part describes the brewing raw materials and important toxinogenic filamentous fungi. Special attention was drawn to selected fusarium mycotoxins (fumonisins, trichothecenes, zearalenone). It also describes some methods for determination of mycotoxins. Experimental section describes analyze 90 samples of malting barley of different varieties using method ELISA. In 19 samples zearalenone concentration was higher than limit of quantification. The highest level of zearalenone concentration (39,2 g•kg-1) contained barley, variety Wintmalt, where corn was used as a fore-crop. The samples were subsequently analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Zearalenone concentration was higher than limit of quantification only in four samples, namely in samples of Blaník, Malz and Wintmalt varieties of barley. Furthermore, the samples of intermediate products of malting process were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. No sample showed level of zearalenone higher than limit of quantification.
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Changeof phenolic acids content during malting of spring barley
Štýblová, Romana ; Janoušková, Eva (referee) ; Běláková, Sylvie (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with detection of chosen phenolic acids (sinapic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, syringic acid, p – hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid and p – coumaric acid) in the malting barley and monitoring of their changes during making a malt in real enviroment of floor malt house. Tehoretical part describes individual phenolic acids, their presentation in raw material for making of malt and methods for determination . There is described technology of making a malt. The nine samples was taken in experimental part. There were a malting barley, intermediate products of malting, malt and rootlets. Phenolic acids were extracted by alkaline and acid hydrolysis. This samples were detected by Ultra high – performance liquid chromatography using of UV detection (UPLC/PDA).
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The barley growing and quality in the Czech Republic 1990-2018
MACHALOVÁ, Tereza
The bachelor thesis describes growing of spring malting barley in the Czech Republic in the years 1990 to 2018. Spring barley is the second most grown cereal and important crop. This thesis contains basic biological characteristics, farming technology, sowed areas and quality of the spring barley in the period of time. Also changes that include in this time period. Other chapters describes a history and present time of varieties malting barley and as well at their rating and appropriateness for a malt production as one of the main raw material for beer production.
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Interactive effects of elevated CO2 concentration, drought and nitrogen nutrition on malting quality of spring barley
Simor, J. ; Klem, Karel ; Psota, V.
Elevated CO2 concentration [EC] generally leads to increased rates of photosynthesis, increased formation of assimilates and finally to storing them in the grain. Increased storage of starch in the grain, however, leads to an unbalanced proportion to the proteins, and their relative content decreases. This is particularly apparent in the conditions of nitrogen deficiency. The interactive effects of EC, nitrogen nutrition and reduced water availability are, however, not yet sufficiently understood. Within the manipulation experiment in open top chambers (Domaninek near Bystrice nad Pernstejnem) that allow simulation of EC (expected by the end of this century 700 ppm) and drought, the effect of these interactions on protein content, and other quality parameters of spring barley grain was studied. EC reduced grain protein content, increased extract, Kolbach index and also summary Malting quality index. Such effect was more pronounced under higher nitrogen dose, which generally worsened malting quality parameters. Reduced water availability slightly enhanced all malting quality parameters and also showed slight synergistic effect to EC. No clear interactive effects on malting quality were found for nitrogen nutrition and water availability.
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The spring barley fertilization in terms of selected agricultural company
ŠINDELÁŘ, Jan
This thesis presents the results of malting barley's fertilization obtained on the basis of a field experiment in an agricultural company. The aim of the work was to determine how the rate of nutrients will affect yield and malting quality. Fertilizing was based on three different rations of LAV fertilizer given to plants in an advanced phase of their growth. The rations of nitrogen were set to 20, 40 and 60 kg per hectare. The positive effect of a late fertilization was observed for yield elements. There has been an increase of the number of grains in the ear and of the weight of a thousand grains. Some malting properties were also improved. It was especially the fraction of the front grain and in part germination. But the content of N-substances exceeded the limit in two of three variants.
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Determination of zearalenone in malting barley
Wawroszová, Simona ; Čumová,, Martina (referee) ; Běláková, Sylvie (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with monitoring of zearalenone content in malting barley using immunochemical method ELISA and consequently method of liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Theoretical part describes the brewing raw materials and important toxinogenic filamentous fungi. Special attention was drawn to selected fusarium mycotoxins (fumonisins, trichothecenes, zearalenone). It also describes some methods for determination of mycotoxins. Experimental section describes analyze 90 samples of malting barley of different varieties using method ELISA. In 19 samples zearalenone concentration was higher than limit of quantification. The highest level of zearalenone concentration (39,2 g•kg-1) contained barley, variety Wintmalt, where corn was used as a fore-crop. The samples were subsequently analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Zearalenone concentration was higher than limit of quantification only in four samples, namely in samples of Blaník, Malz and Wintmalt varieties of barley. Furthermore, the samples of intermediate products of malting process were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. No sample showed level of zearalenone higher than limit of quantification.
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Changeof phenolic acids content during malting of spring barley
Štýblová, Romana ; Janoušková, Eva (referee) ; Běláková, Sylvie (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with detection of chosen phenolic acids (sinapic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, syringic acid, p – hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid and p – coumaric acid) in the malting barley and monitoring of their changes during making a malt in real enviroment of floor malt house. Tehoretical part describes individual phenolic acids, their presentation in raw material for making of malt and methods for determination . There is described technology of making a malt. The nine samples was taken in experimental part. There were a malting barley, intermediate products of malting, malt and rootlets. Phenolic acids were extracted by alkaline and acid hydrolysis. This samples were detected by Ultra high – performance liquid chromatography using of UV detection (UPLC/PDA).
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Varietal quality of malting barley
KADLECOVÁ, Helena
By purchasing malting barley the quality is evaluated according to standards, techniques, laboratory methods and qualitative indicators, which are set by norm. Evaluation of quality of barleycorn as a material for producing malt is used for setting the price, observing changes of the quality during storing etc. There were evaluated qualitative indicators of 13 sorts of malting barley, which were bought by company ZZN Pelhřimov between 2010-2014 from farmers, agricaltural cooperatives and companies and also self-employed farmers from the region Vysočina. These sorts were represented by different number of samples in connection with bought-up amount and number of supplies of each sort. Weighted averages were counted from results. Average figures of results of analysis were compared with the national average. Research institute of brewer´s and orchardist a.s. in Brno deals with monitoring of quality of malting barley in the Czech Republic and it evaluates annually ca. 500 harvest samples which were received by producers from all regions in the Czech Republic. The quality of malting barley showed a big variability in all parameters across all types and also in particular years. Malting quality is influenced by many factors especially by course of weather in each particular year. Limiting parameter of quality by purchasing malting barley was N- substances content in barleycorn. Germination capacity seems to be the most stable from all parameters. Lower figures of germination capacity were found only by winter types in connection with longer period of ripening after harvest.
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The quality of barley for food and feeding
KADLECOVÁ, Helena
By the purchasing of malting barley and fodder barley from collective farms, companies, smaller enterprises and also independently farming farmers the quality is evaluated by indicators which are determined by valid standards. A range of factors participating in resulting grain quality. The quality criterions and laboratory methods were created in order to specify the quality of barley in the company laboratory ZZN Pelhřimov. Average values of the results of analysis of malting barley in years 2008 - 2012 were compared wiht the national average which its yearly evaluated by ČÚPS in Brno. In addition to the genetical base the malting quality is mostly influenced by the sequence weather in individual years.
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The quality of raw materials for beer production
SOUČEK, Martin
The subject of the thesis "The quality of raw materials for beer production" is a quality brewing ingredients - barley malt, malt, hops, water and brewer's yeast. Individual ingredients are generally characterized. The main part of the thesis deals with the assessment of quality of raw materials according to various criteria such as the genetic basis, agroecological factors, and technological requirements. The paper also discusses the methods of measurement quality.
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